Family Welfare Programme                 (परिवार कल्याण कार्यक्रम)

History (इतिहास)

1952–

• India launched a nation-wide family planning programme (परिवार नियोजन कार्यक्रम) first in the world.

 

1961-66 (Third five year plan) –

• The strategy was shifted from purely clinic approach to extention education approach to motivate the people for acceptance.

 

1969-1974 (Forth five year plan) –

• The programme was made an integral part of MCH (Mother & Child Health) activities of PHCs and their subcentres.

 

1975-1980 (Fifth five year plan) –

• First national population policy was formed in 1976, in which forcible sterlization was done for birth control.

 

In this campaign people were angry so the congress government was defeated in 1977 election and a new Janata government come into power which formulated a new population policy. The programme was renammed as family welfare programme in 1977.

After the Alma-Ata declaration PHC approach is accepted.

1985-90 (Seventh five year plan) –

• The universal immunization programme was started in 1985-86.
• Various other programmes under MCH were implemented.

 

1992-

• All these programme was integrated under Child Survival and Safe Motherhood (CSSM) programme.

 

1997-2002 (Ninth five year plan)-

Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) programme integrates all the related programme in 8th plan including CSSM, oral rehydration therapy, Reproductive tract infection and STD.

 

Definition of Family Planning (WHO) –

• A way of thinking and living that is adopted voluntarily, upon the basis of knowledge, attitudes and responsible decisions by individuals and couples, in order to promote the health and welfare of the family group and thus contribute effectively to the social development of a country.

 

Scope and Activities of Family Planning/Welfare (परिवार कल्याण कार्यक्रम का स्वरूप)

• Family planning is not synonymous with birth control, it is more than that.
• The activities vary from country to country according to national policy, they are :-

• The proper spacing and limitation of births.
• Advise on sterlity.
• Education for parenthood.
• Sex education
• Screening for pathological conditions related to the
• Reproductive system
• Premarital consultation and examination
• Marriage counselling.
• Providing services for unmarried mothers.
• The preparation on of couples for arrival of their first child.
• Carring pregnency test.
• Providing adoptation services.

 

Child Survival and Safe Motherhood (CSSM) Programme :-

• Maternal and child health care were the main component or Family Welfare Programme.
• Other intervention like National Anaemia Control Programme, TT immunization of pregnent mothers, immunization of children etc. were introduced as vertical schemes with Family Welfare Programme.

• In 1992 all these schemes were integrated in a single CSSM Programme with following components :-

• Early registration of pregnancy.
• To provide minimum three antenatal check-ups.
• Universal coverage of all pregnant women with TT
• Immunization.
• Advise on food, nutrition and rest.
• Detection of high risk pregnencies and prompt referral.
• Clean deliveries by trainned personnel.
• Birth spacing.

Administration of Family Welfare Programme

(परिवार कल्याण कार्यक्रम का राजकीय स्वरूप)

(1) Centre level Organisation.

• There is a seperate “Department of Family Welfare” in the central ministry of “Health and Family welfare”.

 

Functions –

• Control of planning, financial management, training, reserch and evaluation, and formulation of overall policy.

 

(2) State level Organisation-

• There is “State Family Welfare Bureau”, a part of state Health and Family Welfare Directorate, and a “family welfare cell’ which co-ordinate between state and centre.

 

Functions-

• Administration and implementation of programme.

 

(3) District level Organisation-

• There is a “District Fainily Welfare Bureau” 

 

Functions-

• Integrated services of MCH and family planning.

 

(4) PHC level Organisation 

• There is a “Rural Family Welfare Centre” with MO and supporting staff which is supported by one male and one female health worker at sub-centre level.

 

Functions –

• IUD insertion, MTP, sterlization and family planning motivation.

 

(5) Village level Oraganisation

Functions –

• Village Health Guides Awareness of family planning and distribution of Nirodh and Mala-D.

 

Achievements of Family Welfare Programme (परिवार कल्याण कार्यक्रम की उपलब्धियाँ)

• After the implementation of the family welfare programme and other related programmes there is gross reduction in mortality rates of both mother and infant.
• The expectation of life ar birth is increased, birth rate is decreased and status of health is improved.